Gastroenterostomy Health Dictionary

n. an operation in which the small intestine is brought through the abdominal wall and opened (see duodenostomy; jejunostomy; ileostomy) or is joined to the stomach (gastroenterostomy) or to another loop of small intestine (enteroenterostomy).... enterostomy

n. a surgical operation in which the whole or a part of the stomach is removed. Total gastrectomy, in which the oesophagus is joined to the jejunum, is usually performed for stomach cancer but occasionally for the *Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. In partial (or subtotal) gastrectomy the upper part of the stomach is joined to the duodenum or small intestine (gastroenterostomy); this operation (with vagotomy) was the definitive treatment for refractory peptic ulcer before the advent of *antisecretory drugs. It is still performed in the treatment of gastric antral disease. After gastrectomy capacity for food is reduced, sometimes leading to weight loss. Other complications of gastrectomy include *dumping syndrome, ulceration at the anastomosis, anaemia, and *malabsorption.... gastrectomy

n. a surgical operation in which the *duodenum (usually the third or fourth part) is joined to an opening made in the stomach in order to bypass an obstruction (such as *pyloric stenosis) or to facilitate the exit of food from the stomach after vagotomy. Much more commonly a *gastrojejunostomy or *gastroenterostomy is performed. See also duodenostomy.... gastroduodenostomy

a breach in the lining (mucosa) of the digestive tract caused by the actions of gastric acid and pepsin. This may occur due to abnormally high levels of gastric acid or pepsin or when the mucosa has been damaged by chronic *Helicobacter pylori infection or by aspirin or NSAID use. A peptic ulcer may be found in the oesophagus (oesophageal ulcer, associated with reflux *oesophagitis); the stomach (see gastric ulcer); duodenum (see duodenal ulcer); jejunum (jejunal ulcer, usually in the *Zollinger-Ellison syndrome); in a Meckel’s *diverticulum; and close to a *gastroenterostomy (stomal ulcer, anastomotic ulcer, marginal ulcer).... peptic ulcer

narrowing of the outlet of the stomach (*pylorus). This causes delay in the passage of stomach contents into the duodenum, leading to recurrent vomiting (sometimes of food eaten more than 24 hours earlier), abdominal distension, dehydration, and weight loss. Pyloric stenosis in adults is caused either by a *peptic ulcer adjacent to or within the pylorus or by a tumour invading the pylorus. Stenosis from peptic ulceration may be treated with antisecretory agents, endoscopic balloon dilatation of the pylorus, or by surgical removal or bypass (see gastroenterostomy). Surgery is usually required for cancerous obstruction; in unfit patients and those with metastatic disease a stent can be placed to relieve the obstruction. Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis occurs in babies about 3–5 weeks old (particularly boys) in which the thickened pyloric muscle can be felt as a nodule. Treatment is by the surgical operation of *pyloromyotomy (Ramstedt’s operation).... pyloric stenosis