Hare-lip Health Dictionary

Hare Lip: From 2 Different Sources


A common term for the birth defect in which there is a split in the upper lip due to failure of the 2 sides to fuse during fetal development. A hare lip is often associated with a similar failure of the 2 halves of the palate to join. (See also cleft lip and palate.)
Health Source: BMA Medical Dictionary
Author: The British Medical Association
See PALATE, MALFORMATIONS OF.
Health Source: Medical Dictionary
Author: Health Dictionary

Lipoma

A TUMOUR mainly composed of FAT. Such tumours arise in almost any part of the body, developing in ?brous tissues – particularly in that beneath the skin. They are benign in nature, and seldom give any trouble beyond that connected with their size and position. If large, they can be excised.... lipoma

Lipid

A descriptive term, rather than chemical one, for fats. Broadly, it means true fats (like triglycerides), lipoids (like phospholipids) and sterols (like cholesterol).... lipid

Liposarcoma

A rare malignant TUMOUR of adipose or fatty tissue. It occurs most frequently in the thighs, buttocks or retro-peritoneum. The four main types are: well di?erentiated; myxoid; round cell; and pleomorphic (variety of forms).... liposarcoma

Liposuction

A surgical procedure, also called suction lipectomy, for extracting unwanted accumulations of subcutaneous FAT with the use of a powerful suction tube passed through the skin at di?erent sites. Widely used in cosmetic surgery to improve the contour of the body, particularly that of women, the technique can have unwanted side-effects.... liposuction

Lipoprotein

A protein found in the blood lymph and plasma which combines with fats such as cholesterol. It is important for transport of fats in the lymph vessels and blood stream.

High density lipoproteins (HDLs) are blood-fats known to delay deposits of cholesterol on blood vessels, while low density lipoproteins (LDLs) have the opposite effect.

See: HYPERLIPIDAEMIA. HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA. CHOLESTEROL. ... lipoprotein

Lipaemia

The presence of an excessive amount of FAT in the blood.... lipaemia

Lipase

An ENZYME widely distributed in plants, and present also in the liver and gastric and pancreatic juices, which breaks down fats to the constituent fatty acids and glycerol.... lipase

Lipidosis

Any disorder of LIPID metabolism in body cells. Some hereditary disorders cause deposition of lipids within the brain.... lipidosis

Lipodystrophy

A congenital maldistribution of FAT tissue. Subcutaneous fat is totally absent from a portion of the body and hypertrophied in the remainder. Another form of lipodystrophy occurs at the site of INSULIN injections, but is much less frequently seen nowadays; the new, synthetic preparations of insulin are pure and unlikely to cause this reaction, which was not uncommon with the older preparations. Occasionally the converse occurs at the site of insulin injections, where the lipogenic action of insulin stimulates the fat cells to hypertrophy. This can also be dis?guring and usually results from using the same site for injections too frequently.... lipodystrophy

Lipolysis

The enzymatic breaking-down of FAT.... lipolysis

High Density Lipoprotein

One of a group of proteins that transport lipids in the blood. High levels of high density lipoprotein can help protect against atherosclerosis. (See also fats and oils; low density lipoprotein.)... high density lipoprotein

Lips

These form a pair of ‘curtains’ before the mouth, each composed of a layer of skin and of mucous membrane, between which lies a considerable amount of fat and of muscle ?bres.

Fissures coming on in cold weather are often di?cult to get rid of. Peeling and cracking of the vermilion of the lips is common in those exposed for long periods to wind and sunlight. Treatment consists of the application of aqueous cream. If the main cause is excessive exposure to sunlight – in which case the lower lip is mainly affected – a protective cream should be applied.

Herpes in the form of ‘cold sores’ often develops on the lip as a result of a cold or other feverish condition, but quickly passes o? (see HERPES SIMPLEX).

Ulcers may form on the inner surface of the lip, usually in consequence of bad teeth or of DYSPEPSIA.

Small cysts sometimes form on the inner surface of the lip, and are seen as little bluish swellings ?lled with mucus; they are of no importance.

Hare-lip is a deformity sometimes present at birth (see PALATE, MALFORMATIONS OF).

Cancer of the lip sometimes occurs – almost always in men, and usually on the lower lip. (See also MOUTH, DISEASES OF.)... lips

Low Density Lipoprotein

One of a group of proteins that are combined with lipids in the plasma. Low density lipoproteins (LDLs) are involved in the transport of

cholesterol in the bloodstream. An excess of LDLs (see hyperlipidaemias) is associated with atherosclerosis. (See also high density lipoprotein.)... low density lipoprotein

Chapped Lips

See LIPS.... chapped lips

Lipasis Rostrata

Rehd.

Family: Orchidaceae.

Ayurvedic: Jivaka-Rshabhaka (bulbs of Microstylis wallichi Lindl. and M. musifera, also of other orchids, are sold as Jivaka-Rshabhaka).

Action: Used in age-sustaining and invigorating tonics.... lipasis rostrata

Lipid-regulating Drugs

These drugs reduce the amount of low-density LIPOPROTEINS, which transport CHOLESTEROL and triglycerides (see TRIGLYCERIDE) in the blood, or raise the concentration of high-density lipoproteins. The aim is to reduce the progression of ATHEROSCLEROSIS and therefore help prevent coronary heart disease (see HEART, DISEASES OF). These drugs should be combined with reducing other risk factors for raised lipid concentrations, such as a high-fat diet, smoking and obesity. Lipid-regulating drugs include STATINS, ?brates, anion-exchange resins, and NICOTINIC ACID, which may be used singly or in combination under careful medical supervision (see HYPERLIPIDAEMIA).... lipid-regulating drugs

Lipoid Factor

An agent involved in the clotting mechanism of the blood. It helps in the activation of THROMBOPLASTIN in the blood PLASMA (see COAGULATION).... lipoid factor

Lipoproteins

Compounds containing lipids and proteins (see LIPID; PROTEIN). Most lipids in blood PLASMA are present in this form and are characterised according to their densities: very low (VLDL), intermediate (IDL), low (LD), high (HDL) and very high (VHDL). Concentrations of lipoproteins are key factors in assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease (see HEART, DISEASES OF).... lipoproteins

Liposomes

These are essentially tiny oil droplets consisting of layers of fatty material, known as phospholipid, separated by aqueous compartments. Drugs can be incorporated into the liposomes, which are then injected into the bloodstream or into the muscles, or given by mouth. Using this method of giving drugs, it is possible to protect them from being broken down in the body before they reach the part of the body where their curative e?ect is required: for example, in the liver or in a tumour.... liposomes

Lipotropic Factors

Various compounds and processes that enable the liver to metabolize fats properly or prevent the formation of cholesterolic stones in the gall bladder by supporting the continued emulsification of gall bladder bile. EXAMPLES: Lecithin, choline, Aristolochia... lipotropic factors

Intestinal Lipodystrophy

See Whipple’s disease.... intestinal lipodystrophy

Lippia Geminata

H. B. & K.

Synonym: L. alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. L. javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng.

Family: Verbenaceae.

Habitat: Bihar and Orissa to Assam; Madhya Pradesh, Nilgiris and Anaimalais up to 900 m in wet places and river banks.

Folk: Basula (Madhya Pradesh), Naagaa-aiari (Orissa).

Action: Leaves—stomachic and nervine. Essential oil—fungitoxic.

The essential oil from leaves contains citral, neral and geranial. Diterpenes, d- and l-limonene, l-piperitone, geranial. Diterpenes, d-and l-limonene, l- piperitone, lippone, a saturated ketone, d-alpha-pinene, dl-dihydrocarvone, citral and camphor have been identified in different samples.... lippia geminata

Lippia Nodiflora

Rich.

Synonym: Phyla nodiflora (Linn.) Greene.

Family: Verbenaceae.

Habitat: Throughout India, in wet places and river banks.

English: Wild sage.

Ayurvedic: Jalapippali, Shaaradi, Shakulaadani, Jalakarnaa, Matsya- gandhaa. Laangali (now equated with Gloriosa superba).

Unani: Bukkum Booti.

Siddha/Tamil: Paduthalai.

Action: Plant—cooling, febrifuge, diuretic. Poultice used as maturant for boils. Leaves—an infusion is given to women after delivery.

An alcoholic extract of the leaves shows antibacterial activity against E. coli. The leaf juice enters into hair oils for alopecia areata.

Aerial parts are reported to contain flavonoids, flavone aglycones and flavone sulphates.

Dosage: Whole plant—10-20 ml juice. (CCRAS.)... lippia nodiflora

Cancer – Mouth And Lips

Epithelioma.

Causes: occupational hazards, contact with toxic metals and minerals.

A Health Department’s committee found an increased risk of developing mouth cancer from “snuff- dipping”, the practice of sucking tobacco from a small sachet, “tobacco teabags”.

Of possible value:– Fresh plant juices, Houseleek, Aloe Vera.

Teas: Chickweed, Mullein, Comfrey. 1 heaped teaspoon to each cup boiling water; infuse 15 minutes; dose – 1 cup thrice daily, increasing to as much as well tolerated.

Condurango Liquid extract. 10-30 drops in water before meals.

Goldenseal Liquid extract. 3-5 drops in water before meals.

George Burford MD. Condurango and Goldenseal.

E.H. Ruddock MD 1925. “Several cases of cancer of the lips have been cured by Goldenseal.”

Topical. Wipe area with Liquid Extract Condurango, Goldenseal, Thuja, Poke root or fresh plant juices of above. Slippery Elm paste: powdered Slippery Elm in few drops milk or water.

Mouthwash. Equal parts: Liquid Extract Goldenseal, Liquid Extract Bayberry, Tincture Myrrh and Glycerine. Some may be swallowed as internal medicine. Comfrey, Mullein or Chickweed cream.

Diet. See: DIET – CANCER.

Treatment by a general medical practitioner or hospital oncologist. ... cancer – mouth and lips

Lipectomy, Suction

A type of body contour surgery in which excess fat is sucked out through a small skin incision.... lipectomy, suction

Lipid Disorders

Metabolic disorders that result in abnormal amounts of lipids (fats) in the body.

The most common lipid disorders are the hyperlipidaemias, which are characterized by high levels of lipids in the blood and can cause atherosclerosis and pancreatitis.

There are also some very rare lipid disorders due solely to heredity, such as Tay–Sachs disease.... lipid disorders

Lipid-lowering Drugs

A group of drugs used to treat hyperlipidaemia.

These drugs help to prevent, or slow the progression of, severe atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

The most commonly used types are statins and fibrates.... lipid-lowering drugs

Lipids

A general term for fats and oils. Lipids include triglycerides (simple fats), phospholipids (important constituents of cell membranes and nerve tissue), and sterols, such as cholesterol.... lipids

Suction Lipectomy

A cosmetic procedure, also called liposuction, that is used in body contour surgery.... suction lipectomy

Lipoatrophy

n. an immune reaction to insulin injections close to the site of injection, resulting in localized hollowing of the fat tissue, which may be unsightly. Formerly common with bovine insulin, it is now very rarely seen with human insulins and insulin analogues.... lipoatrophy

Lipodermatosclerosis

Post phlebitis. An important fore-runner to leg ulceration without resolution of which an ulcer may reappear indefinitely. A condition due to pressure on the vascular system which causes deposition of excess fibrin in the capillaries and veins which arrests the circulation of oxygen and nutrients to the skin.

Symptoms. Those of a prelude to ulceration: eczema, pigmentation, pain.

Treatment. Aim should be (1) to reduce internal pressure on the veins and (2) to resolve deposition of fibrin.

Alternatives. Teas: Alfalfa, Nettles, Plantain. Brigham tea, Clivers, Bladderwrack.

Capsules: Evening Primrose oil (4 × 500mg) daily.

Tablets/capsules. Fucus (Bladderwrack). Motherwort. Chlorophyll, Rutin.

Formula. Equal parts: Dandelion and Burdock: add pinch or few drops Cayenne. Powders: half a teaspoon. Liquid Extracts: 2 teaspoons. Tinctures: 2-3 teaspoons. In water, thrice daily before meals. Topical. Graduated elastic stocking compression reduces tension on veins and prevents further deposition of fibrin. Juice, gels, or oils:– Aloe Vera, Houseleek, Evening Primrose, Comfrey, Chickweed, Zinc and Castor oil. ... lipodermatosclerosis

Lipochondrodystrophy

n. multiple congenital defects affecting lipid (fat) metabolism, cartilage and bone, skin, and the major internal organs, leading to learning disabilities, dwarfism, and deformities of the bones.... lipochondrodystrophy

Lipochrome

n. a pigment that is soluble in fat and therefore gives colour to fatty materials. An example is *carotene, the pigment responsible for the colour of egg yolks and butter.... lipochrome

Lipoedema

n. a chronic progressive condition involving abnormal fat-cell accumulation in the buttocks and lower limbs, which causes fluid retention, pain, reduced mobility, and psychological problems.... lipoedema

Lipofuscin

n. a brownish pigment staining with certain fat stains. It is most common in the cells of heart muscle, nerves, and liver and is normally contained within the *lysosomes.... lipofuscin

Lipogenesis

n. the process by which glucose and other substances, derived from carbohydrate in the diet, are converted to *fatty acids in the body.... lipogenesis

Lipogranulomatosis

n. an abnormality of lipid metabolism causing deposition of yellowish nodules in the skin.... lipogranulomatosis

Lipohypertrophy

n. a local build-up of fat tissue at the site of repeated insulin injections, which tends to alter the rate of absorption of further injections. It is caused by the local action of the insulin, which (among other things) promotes fat storage.... lipohypertrophy

Lipoic Acid

a sulphur-containing compound that can be readily interconverted to and from its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid. Lipoic acid functions in carbohydrate metabolism as one of the *coenzymes in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and other ?-keto acids.... lipoic acid

Lipoidosis

n. see lipidosis.... lipoidosis

Lipomatosis

n. 1. the presence of an abnormally large amount of fat occurring in the tissues. 2. the presence of multiple *lipomas.... lipomatosis

Lipopolysaccharide

n. a complex molecule containing both a lipid component and a polysaccharide component. Lipopolysaccharides are constituents of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria and are important in determining the antigenic properties of these bacteria.... lipopolysaccharide

Lipoprotein Lipase

an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of triglycerides in *chylomicrons and *very low-density lipoproteins to free fatty acids, which are absorbed from the capillaries into local tissues. Deficiency of this enzyme results in severe *hypertriglyceridaemia.... lipoprotein lipase

Lipotrophin

n. a hormone-like substance from the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the transfer of fat from the body stores to the bloodstream.... lipotrophin

Lipotropic

adj. describing a substance that promotes the transport of fatty acids from the liver to the tissues or accelerates the utilization of fat in the liver itself. An example of such a substance is the amino acid methionine.... lipotropic

Lipping

n. overgrowth of bone around a joint as seen on X-ray. This is a characteristic sign of degenerative joint disease and occurs most frequently and prominently in osteoarthritis. See also osteophyte.... lipping

Lipsitz Score

a scoring system used for newborn babies who may be withdrawing from maternal opioids or other (usually nonprescription) drugs. See neonatal abstinence syndrome.... lipsitz score

Lipuria

n. the presence of fat or oil droplets in the urine.... lipuria

Very Low-density Lipoprotein

(VLDL) a *lipoprotein that is the precursor of *low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Containing triglycerides and cholesterol, it is produced in the liver and circulates in the bloodstream, where its triglycerides are hydrolysed to free fatty acids by *lipoprotein lipase. The remaining lipoprotein becomes progressively denser and richer in cholesterol to form LDL.... very low-density lipoprotein

Liposome

n. a microscopic spherical membrane-enclosed vesicle or sac (20–30 nm in diameter) made artificially in the laboratory by the addition of an aqueous solution to a phospholipid gel. The membrane resembles a cell membrane and the whole vesicle is similar to a cell organelle. Liposomes can be incorporated into living cells and may be used to transport relatively toxic drugs into cancer cells, where they can exert their maximum effects. The cancerous organ is at a higher temperature than normal body temperature, so that when the liposome passes through its blood vessels the membrane melts and the drug (e.g. *doxorubicin) is released. Liposomes are also undergoing clinical trials as vehicles in *gene therapy for cystic fibrosis.... liposome

Lipolytic

causing lipolysis, the chemical disintegration or splitting of fats.... lipolytic



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